W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography

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W. E. B. Du Bois, 1904
		In 1905, Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter, editor, militant civil rights leader, and fellow graduate of Harvard College, founded the Niagara Movement. Opposed to the accommodationist philosophy of Booker T. Washington, Du Bois and Trotter invited like-minded individuals to pursue "organized, determined and aggressive action on the part of men who believe in Negro freedom and growth." The organization's declaration stated, "We refuse to allow the impression to remain that the Negro-American assents to inferiority, is submissive under oppression and apologetic before insults." By 1907, when Du Bois the delegate to the Niagara Movement was photographed in Boston, Trotter and Du Bois were in disagreement on a number of issues, among them the inclusion of women in the group, to which Trotter was opposed. In 1908, Trotter started his own group, the Negro-American Political League, and by 1909 Du Bois was asking remaining Nia gara contacts to consider joining the newly formed National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Photo University of Massachusetts, Amherst Special Collections and Archives, W. E. B. Du Bois Library
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